Environment-friendly antiviral agents for plants

Plant virus disease is a worldwide threat to agriculture. Environment-Friendly Antiviral Agents for Plants systematically describes the basictheory, new ideas, and new methods to discover novel antiviral agents through research on plant immune activation. The cutting-edge research methodology, technology and progress on novel antiviral agent innovation are systematically described. With abundant illustrations and figures, the book is intended for researchers and practitioners in the fields of pesticide science, plant protection, organic chemistry, fine chemicals, applied chemistry, environment chemistry and agriculture science.

Dr. Baoan Song and Dr. Song Yang are professors at the Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, China; Mr. Linhong lin and Dr. Pinaki S. Bhadury are associate professors there.

Introduction

1 Studies on ?-Aminophosphonates with Antiviral Activity

1.1 Organocatalytic Synthesis and Antiviral Activity of Asymmetrica-Aminophosphonates

1.1.1 Introduction

1.1.2 Materials and Methods

1.1.3 Results and Discussion

1.1.4 Conclusions

1.2 Synthesis & Bioactivity of ?-Aminophosphonates ContainingAmide Moiety

1.2.1 Introduction

1.2.2 Materials and Methods

1.2.3 Results and Discussion

1.2.4 Conclusions

1.3 Green Synthesis & Bioactivity of ?-AminophosphonatesContaining an Alkoxyethyl Moiety

1.3.1 Introduction

1.3.2 Materials and Methods

1.3.3 Results and Discussion

1.3.4 Conclusions

1.4 Green Synthesis & Bioactivity of Brominated?-Aminophosphonates

1.4.1 Introduction

1.4.2 Materials and Methods

1.4.3 Results and Discussion

1.4.4 Conclusions

1.5 Synthesis & Bioactivity of ?-AminophosphonatesContaining

Trifluorinated Methyl Moiety

1.5.1 Introduction

1.5.2 Materials and Methods

1.5.3 Results and Discussion

1.5.4 Conclusions

1.6 Synthesis & Bioactivity of Chiral ?-AminophosphonatesContaining Fluorine Moiety

1.6.1 Introduction

1.6.2 Materials and Methods

1.6.3 Results and Discussion

1.6.4 Conclusions

1.7 Green Synthesis of ?-Aminophosphonates Containing Bromine andFluorine under Ultrasonic Irradiation

1.7.1 Introduction

1.7.2 Materials and Methods

1.7.3 Results and Discussion

1.7.4 Conclusions

1.8 Synthesis & Bioactivity of ?-AminophosphonatesContaining

Isoxazole Moiety

1.8.1 Introduction

1.8.2 Materials and Methods

1.8.3 Results and Discussion

1.8.4 Conclusions

1.9 Synthesis & Bioactivity of ?-Aminophosphonates ContainingBenzothiazole Moiety

1.9.1 Introduction

1.9.2 Materials and Methods

1.9.3 Results and Discussion

1.9.4 Conclusions

1.10 Chiral Separation & Bioactivity of ?-AminophosphonatesContaining Benzothiazole Moiety

1.10.1 Introduction

1.10.2 Materials and Methods

1.10.3 Results and Discussion

1.10.4 Conclusions

1.11 Crystal Structure of O,O-Dipropyl-?-aminophosphonateContaining Benzothiazole Moiety

1.11.1 Introduction

1.11.2 Materials and Methods

1.11.3 Results and Discussion

References

2 Synthesis, Characterization and Antiviral Activity ofCyanoacrylates and Derivatives

2.1 Synthesis and Antivival Activity of Cyanoacrylates ContainingPhosphonyl Moiety

2.1.1 Introduction

2.1.2 Materials and Methods

2.1.3 Results and Discussion

2.1.4 Conclusions

2.2 Synthesis and Bioactivity of Cyanoacrylate DerivativesContaining Pyridine Moiety

2.2.1 Introduction

2.2.2 Materials and Methods

2.2.3 Results and Discussion

2.2.4 Conclusions

2.3 Preparation of Chiral Cyanoarylate Derivatives under MicrowaveIrradiation

2.3.1 Introduction

2.3.2 Materials and Methods

2.3.3 Results and Discussion

2.3.4 Conclusions

2.4 Preparation of Chiral Cyanoacylate Derivatives fromPhenylethanamine

2.4.1 Introduction

2.4.2 Materials and Methods

2.4.3 Results and Discussion

2.4.4 Conclusions

2.5 Preparation and Antiviral Activity of Chiral CyanoacylateDerivatives from Aryl (Heterocyclic) Amine

2.5.1 Introduction

2.5.2 Materials and Methods

2.5.3 Chemistry

2.5.4 Antiviral Activity

2.5.5 Discussion

2.5.6 Conclusions

2.6 Preparation and Antiviral Activity of Chiral CyanoacylateDerivatives Containing ?-Aminophosphonate Moiety

2.6.1 Introduction

2.6.2 Materials and Methods

2.6.3 Results and Discussion

2.6.4 Conclusions

2.7 Crystal Structure elucidation of Cyanoacrylates

2.7.1 Crystal Structure of(E)-Ethyl-3-[(S)-1-phenylethylamino]-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-phenylamino]-2-cyanoacrylate

2.7.2 Characterization of Two Chiral Isomers of (E)-Ethyl-3-[(R) or(S)-1-phenylethylamino]-3-[4-nitrophenylamino]-2-cyanoacrylate

References

3 Synthesis and Antiviral Activity of Chiral ThioureaDerivatives

3.1 Chiral Thiourea Deravatives from Primary Amine andIsocyanate

3.1.1 Introduction

3.1.2 Materials and Methods

3.1.3 Results and Discussion

3.1.4 Conclusions

3.2 Chiral Thiourea Derivatives Containing ?-AminophosphonateMoiety

3.2.1 Introduction

3.2.2 Materials and Methods

3.2.3 Results and Discussion

3.2.4 Conclusions

References

4 The Heterocyclic Antiviral Agents

4.1 Pyrazole Derivatives Containing Oxime Ester Moiety

4.1.1 Introduction

4.1.2 Materials and Methods

4.1.3 Chemistry

4.1.4 Antiviral Activity

4.1.5 Discussion

4.1.6 Conclusions

4.2 Pyrazole Derivatives Containing Oxime Ether Moiety

4.2.1 Introduction

4.2.2 Materials and Methods

4.2.3 Results and Discussion

4.2.4 Conclusions

4.3 Quinazolinone Derivatives

4.3.1 Introduction

4.3.2 Materials and Methods

4.3.3 Results and Discussion

4.3.4 Conclusions

References

5 Innovation and Application of Environment-Friendly AntiviralAgents for Plants

5.1 Innovation of New Antiviral Agent Dufulin[N-[2-(4-methyl-benzothiazol)]-2-ylamino-2-fluophenyl-O,O-diethylphosphonate]

5.1.1 Product Chemistry

5.1.2 Formulation of Dufulin

5.1.3 Optimization of Synthetic Conditions in Lab Scale and PilotScale

5.1.4 Toxicology Test

5.1.5 Field Trials

5.1.6 Pesticide Residue

5.1.7 Environmental toxicology

5.1.8 Mode of Action

References

5.1.9 Photolysis and Hydrolysis

5.1.10 Systemic Behaviors

References

5.2 GU188, 2-Cyanoacrylate Derivative, Candidate AntiviralAgent

5.2.1 Synthesis

5.2.2 Analytical Method

5.2.3 Bioassays and Field Trials

5.2.4 Toxicological Test

5.2.5 Action Mechanism

5.3 Studies on the Development of Novel Amino-oligosaccharide

5.3.1 Introduction

5.3.2 Anti-TMV and Mechanism of Action

5.3.3 Industrialization

Index